Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Biofuel - today essays

Biofuel - today articles In todays world throughout each and every day we see armadas of vehicles, transports, bikes and trucks on our avenues. Toxic vapor harming our lungs, commotion contamination stunning our ears and harried workers tired of their part. Is this what humankind has come to? Envision the circumstance in a couple of years when the current wellsprings of fuel are nearly depleted! Lack of petroleum, deficiency of cooking gas and shortage of fuel in businesses. Costs of a wide range of fuel will shoot up making life even more costly. Articulate mayhem! That is the thing that the situation will be particularly in the significant urban communities of the world. Isnt it time we paid special mind to elective sources! Vitality is the key for food, lodging, creation and transportation. There is nothing progressively significant for a creating nation like India than a decent vitality plan. Hence biofuel is todays extraordinary need. All things considered, what is this biofuel? Rather than fuel dependent on items got from the petrochemical business, biofuel depends on crude material got from living life forms and in this way can be named an inexhaustible asset. Biofuel can be of microbial or of plant source. Of the microbial biofuel items, three fundamental sorts are fuel liquor, biogas which is otherwise called methane and hydrogen. At present there are 2 fundamental markets for fuel liquor, Brazil (Proalcohol) and U.S.A. (Gasohol) utilized either mixed with oil or as 95% Ethanol) water blend in reason manufactured motors. Biogas is the term utilized for anaerobic methane creation, a biochemical response where CO2 is a definitive electron acceptor delivering either CO or CH4. Since both of these items are unstable they are moderately simple to get in unadulterated structure. Natural hydrogen creation is done generally during nitrogen obsession. Biofuel has a large number of employments also. One of the primary advantages Rudolph Diesel a german designer stated, The utilization of vegetable oils for motor energizes may s ... <!

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The Research of Ground Services, Airlines and Airports Relationship

The examination of ground administrations, aircrafts and air terminals relationship Abstract The motivation behind this report is to research the air terminal ground benefits, the connection among air terminals and carriers, and the extent of ground administrations. The outcomes demonstrated that air terminals are multifunction administration focus that offer an enormous scope of administrations to carriers and their travelers, air terminals and aircrafts are profoundly related. In any case, the connection among air terminals and carriers become rivalry, privatization, and globalization inside the business. 1. 0Introduction Airports are a basic piece of the air transport framework. They give all the framework expected to empower travelers and cargo to move from surface to air methods of transport and to permit aircrafts to take off and land’(Anne 2012, p. 1). It is contended that the rudimentary air terminal foundation are made out of runways, runways, cover space, doors, trav eler and cargo terminals, and ground transport trades. So as to be equipped for satisfying their job inside the air transport industry, air terminals total various of offices and administrations (Anne 2012).These administrations could incorporate ‘air traffic control, security, fire and salvage in the airfield’ (Anne 2012, p. 1). Dealing with offices are furnished to travelers with their stuff, transport among airplane and terminals, and taking care of inside the terminal. On different, air terminals likewise give a huge scope of business administrations comprise of shops and cafés to inns, meeting administrations and business parks (Anne, 2012). This report will break down the essence ground administrations to the carriers at air terminal, it will likewise delineate the significance among air terminal and airlines.Finally, it will express the procedure and exercises of ground administrations. 2. 0Findings 2. 1 Key ground benefits The essence ground administrations of air terminal are ground administrations. Ground taking care of exercises at air terminals are amazingly critical to aircrafts (Anne 2012). They impact both to an airline’s cost and the nature of administration which air terminals offer to their travelers. Ground taking care of administrations could separate into ‘passenger taking care of, things taking care of, cargo and mail dealing with, incline taking care of, fuel and oil taking care of, and airplane administrations and maintenance’. Anne 2012, p. 126) These exercises are frequently give between ‘terminal or traffic dealing with, which is traveler registration, stuff and cargo taking care of, and airside or slope taking care of, which covers exercises, for example, airplane stacking and emptying, cleaning and servicing’ (Anne 2012, p. 126). Every so often, these administrations are given by the air terminal administrators, in any case, the vast majority of air terminals are given via carriers or dealing with specialists (Anne, 2012). 2. 2 The connection between the air terminals and airlinesTyler (2011), IATA’s chief general and CEO contends that ‘airports and aircrafts share a typical enthusiasm for making flying more secure, increasingly secure, easy to use, operationally effective and naturally responsible’. It is contended that ‘an air terminal and a carrier at one air terminal are, ordinarily of the business, mutually making a business venture at the airport’ (Hihara 2010, p. 2). Air terminal is to offer related assistance to aircrafts, in return for landing charge, simultaneously, carrier give air transport administration to the air terminal, with or without stimulative cash from the airport.These two administrations are not distinct in one sense that each help may not exist without the other. ‘Also they are in a key corresponding relationship, where one side’s exertion could improve its own as well as the different sideâ €™s commitment to the estimation of the joint project’ (Hihara 2010, p. 2). For example, air terminal means to improve air terminal administrations for reason for expanding the appeal of the air terminal and help airline’s confined accomplishment to bring more travelers, because of both winding up in getting a charge out of more wages. In this way further endeavors emerging from such authoritative relationship notwithstanding such reliant relationship could can possibly altogether improve the estimations of the task the two sides are taking an interest in’ (Hihara 2010, p. 2). Nonetheless, Anne (2012) contends that ‘airlineâ€airport relationship is changing, being driven by patterns towards more prominent rivalry, privatization, and globalization inside the industry’.At a similar time, ‘the airlineâ€airport relationship is beginning to turn out to be considerably more to do with the connecting of two exclusive universal organizations , as opposed to two state possessed associations worked inside the restrictions of national laws and regulations’ (Anne 2012, p. 132). 2. 3 Ground Services Model There are three sorts of ground taking care of models, truly; ground dealing with administrations may regularly constrained by the national carrier or air terminal administrator. Some air terminal administrators, for example, Milan, Rome, Vienna, and Frankfurt air terminals, which have been intensely associated with such exercises, procure huge incomes from such exercises †here and there over a large portion of the complete pay of the airport’ (Anne 2012, p. 126). On the opposite side, the aircrafts administrator will simply pay rental expenses and maybe a little concession charge to the air terminals, and carriers or outsider ground taking care of organizations would give the taking care of administrations. ‘Countries in Europe where the national aircraft has had a dealing with restraining infrastr ucture incorporate Spain with Iberia and Greece with Olympic’ (Anne 2012, p. 26). It is accepted that ‘European air terminals indicated 44 percent of airplane developments were taken care of via air terminal administrators, 27 percent were self-dealt with by the national bearer, 8 percent were dealt with by the national transporter for different carriers, 7 percent were dealt with by autonomous ground handlers, and the staying 14 percent were self taken care of by different aircrafts. On the other hand, as far as traveler numbers, just 16 percent were taken care of by the air terminal administrator, again 7 percent by autonomous ground handlers and the rest via airlines’ (Anne refered to in Deutsche Bank, 2012).Furthermore, ‘the connection among air terminals and carriers in the United States is one of a kind as is deserving of extraordinary consideration’ (Anne 2012, p. 129). Anne (2012) additionally contends that ‘the air terminals and carrie rs go into legitimately restricting agreements incorporate air terminal use and rent understandings which detail the charges and rental rates which an aircraft needs to pay, the technique by which these are to be determined and the conditions for the utilization of both landing strip and terminal facilities’.The key explanation behind the presence of these understandings is private bondholders need a proper connection between the air terminals and aircrafts before putting resources into the air terminal. 2. 4 The extent of air terminal ground administrations Ground taking care of as the most huge administrations to aircrafts at air terminal, it could be partitioned into three angles, traveler dealing with, freight taking care of and incline taking care of. Traveler dealing with †¢ Ticking: ticket reservation, ticker deals, undoings, and rebooking †¢ Check: within proper limits in administration and issue loading up cards Boarding: check loading up card, cross-checki ng traveler list, check recognizable proof and call missing travelers †¢ Flight data: flight timetables, traveler and stuff data †¢ Pick-up administration: things following and conveyance †¢ VIP and individual help: offer unique assistance to VIP, youngster, debilitated and old †¢ different administrations: seating, bathroom, toilets, obligation free stores, money, and so on ( Munich Airport, 2013) Cargo taking care of †¢ Document taking care of: mail and fundamental paper taking care of ( Munich Airport, 2013) †¢ Baggage taking care of: it could be partitioned into two sections . Flight stuff dealing with: convey things to registration, labeling and gauging, transport of things to airside, organizing and pressing, convey things to planeside and stacking onto airplane (Ashford, N. , Stanton, H. , and Moore, C. ,1997) 2. Appearance things taking care of: emptying from airplane, convey to terminal, organizing and stacking onto guarantee gadgets, transport to recover region, declaration of stuff recover, and transport from recover territory. (Ashford, N. , Stanton, H. , and Moore, C. 1997) Ramp dealing with †¢ Towing: towing of airplane †¢ Maintenance: flight investigation, cooling, ground power flexibly, and deicing. †¢ Replenishment: energizing, providing food †¢ Sanitation: fuselage and lodge cleaning. ( Munich Airport, 2013) 3. 0 Conclusion Based on discoveries, it tends to be discovered that the essence ground administrations of air terminals are ground dealing with, air terminals and aircrafts are exceptionally rely upon one another, they are multifunction administration focus that give a huge scope of administrations o carriers and their travelers on the medium or negligible site of an air trip. Be that as it may, the connection among air terminals and carriers become rivalry, privatization, and globalization. References Ashford, N. , Stanton, H. , and Moore, C. 1997 , Airport Operations, second edn, McGraw -Hill, New York. Anne, G 2012, Managing Airports, Taylor and Francis distributing, London, UK, saw 10 April 2013, RMIT University library database. Hihara, K 2010, Analysis on Airport-Airline Relationship with Risk Sharing Contract, saw 10 April 2013. lt; http://www. pp. u-tokyo. air conditioning. jp/investigate/dp/reports/GraSPP-DP-E-10-001_ITPU-DP-E-10-001. pdf>. Munich Airport 2013, business and accomplices, ground dealing with administrations, saw 10 April 2013. < http://www. munich-air terminal. de/en/business/branchen/gh/file. jsp>. Tyler , T 2011, ‘Innovation in Airline-Airport Cooperation’, Press room, 2 November, saw 10 April 2013. < http://www. iata. organization/pressroom/pr/pages/2011-11-02-01. aspx>.

Friday, August 14, 2020

Sample TOEFL Preference Essay Best People to Learn From

Sample TOEFL Preference Essay Best People to Learn From Sample TOEFL Preference EssayThe QuestionIt is important to improve our skills and knowledge as much as possible. Some people prefer to learn from individuals who have more experience than they do like teachers and supervisors instead of learning from peers, like their colleagues and classmates. Do you think this is a good idea? Why or why not?Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayAlmost everyone agrees that improving our skills and abilities is a great way to ensure a more prosperous life. Personally, I feel thatit is people above us, like our teachers and our bosses, who can teach us the most. I feel this way for two reasons, which I will explore in the following essay.First of all, people with real-world experience can provide mo re complete and comprehensive lessons. Young people are usually full of bright ideas and plans for the future, but our ideas are all hypothetical or based on assumptions instead of hard facts. My own experience is a compelling example of this. Following my graduation from university, I drew up plans to start a small software development firm. My plans were exceptionally detailed, and I was confident that my business would be a complete success. However, when I consulted one of my former professors, his advice opened my eyes to the fact that my plan was missing key points. I had concentrated on all of the most exciting aspects of starting a business, but I had not given much thought to the more mundane details I would have to sort out, like how to rent office space or how to pay my taxes. His years of tangible experience opened my eyes to such topics.Moreover, people who are above us are more likely to actually be trained as educators, which means they can more effectively provide in struction. A young person who is a master of his particular field of expertise may be unable to teach others about it if he lacks experience conveying information to beginners. For example, several years ago I shared an introductory physics class with Philip, a close friend of mine. Philip excelled in all of his classes, and achieved particularly impressive grades in the sciences. One week when I was struggling in the class Philip offered to tutor me so that I could keep up. Our tutoring sessions did not go well â€" try as he might, Phil was unable to help me understand even the most basic topics. In desperation, I visited our professor to seek assistance. To my surprise, she was able to correct my misunderstandings after only half an hour of conversation. It was not her depth of knowledge of the topic that permitted her to achieve this, but her training as an educator.In conclusion, I strongly believe that we can learn more from individuals who are above us than we can from people on our own level. This is because older people tend to have more experience than younger people, and because they are more likely to have training in education and instruction. (449 words)NoteThis is a sample TOEFL personal preference essay written by a native speaker. It follows our TOEFL writing templates for independent essays. If you find it useful, please remember that we have many more sample essaysfor you to read!

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Analysis Of Swift s The Sun Of The Eighteenth Century

Swift’s Neoclassical Classic The sun of the Eighteenth century shines brilliantly on the era of British wealth and power, filling every part of great British life with pride and confidence. British literature, no longer stoic and medieval is revitalized and reclassified. As in the early Renaissance days Restoration authors think highly of Classical literature. Unlike their predecessors however, they are freer with classical style and prose. In one such restoration work, patterned after early Greek and Roman Cynics, author Jonathan Swift Calls the British Isles to action with an unprecedented solution to the problem of poverty; and exemplifies neoclassical literature in satirical style, sordid subject, and solid structure. Satire is one of the distinguishing marks that makes â€Å"A Modest Proposal† a classic example of Neoclassical Literature. In his use of Satire Jonathan Swift was undoubtedly influenced by Greek and Roman cynics who criticized the status quo. Like some of these cynics, instead of offering a reasonable and moral solution to a social problem, Swift captures the attention of the Irish people by a proposition of cannibalism. Describing his proposal Swift writes, â€Å"A child will make two dishes at an entertainment for friends and when the family dines alone the fore or hind quarter will make a reasonable dish and seasoned with a little pepper or salt will be very good boiled on the fourth day especially in winter.† In statements like this Swift use the power ofShow MoreRelatedThe Distorted Images in Heart of Darkness4513 Words   |  19 Pagespaper is divided into five parts: Part 1 is a brief introduction of the author as well as the main idea of the novella. It also makes a clear the writing purpose of the thesis. Namely, to reveal and study Conrad’s imperialist thought in light of the analysis of the distorted images in the novella. Part 2 shows how Africans and Africa are regarded as â€Å"other†. 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The following sections of this BookRags Premium Study Guide is offprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, CompareRead MoreStrategy Safari by Mintzberg71628 Words   |  287 Pagesmanagement needs to be opened up, not closed down; it needs reconciliation among its many different tendencies, not the isolation of each. To enrich the experience of this safari, we hope to follow up with a Guidebook. We have also prepared an Instructor s Manual to facilitate the use of this rather unconventional book in the classroom. We owe many thank-yous. Bob Wallace of The Free Press must be especially singled out. 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For a case that permits a more comprehensive industry analysis The Pharmaceutical Industry could be used. However, if the purpose is more focused – illustrating the use of ‘ï ¬ ve forces’ analysis – the TUI case study or Illustration 2.3 on The Steel Industry could be used. Some cases are written entirely from published sources but most have been prepared in cooperation with

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Proposal For A Research Proposal - 814 Words

What is it? A typical research proposal is used by scholars and students who have an interest in your field. This usually happens as part of a grant application, postgraduate application (PhD), or for a final year dissertation. It usually ranges from 1,000-3,000 words and is a summary of what is being proposed to study. It is usually judged by content and proposal format. A Research proposal should†¦ Clearly set out what the research is going to be about. This includes a provisional/working title, name and contact details. The proposal should clearly define the topic you’re interested in and show you understand your research area. It should demonstrate that you have begun to think about a potential research question(s). It should†¦show more content†¦For postgraduate proposals, you might also include a section in which you set out how the research might contribute to debates and knowledge in your subject area. In other words, how do you think your researc h will add or contribute to political science? You should also set out any potential difficulties, weaknesses or issues that the proposed study may encounter. This might include some acknowledgement of ethical considerations. Basic structure (listing basic elements of a research proposal) The research proposal should have a clear structure that might be something like this: Title Page: including proposed title of research project, name and contact details Abstract: a short summary about the proposed research topic. Usually 200-250 words Introduction: identify the subject of the research proposal including theoretical issues, any preliminary empirical data, potential research question(s), and potential empirical applications. Research context: Explain the broad background and context of the research. This is, in essence, a brief literature review. Research questions: The proposal should set out the central aims and questions that will guide your research. Before writing your proposal, you should take time to reflect on the key questions that you are seeking to answer. Many research proposals are too broad, so reflecting on your key research questions is a good way to make sure that your project is sufficiently narrow and feasible. This setsShow MoreRelatedResearch Proposal779 Words   |  4 PagesMBA THESIS PROPOSAL GUIDELINES 1. INTRODUCTION The aim of this document is to give MBA students practical guidance about their thesis proposal. In addition to some general comments, the actual structure that should be followed in presenting the proposal is also outlined. The research proposal can serve many useful functions. The most important is that it helps the student to think out the research project he/she is about to undertake and predict any difficulties that might arise. 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Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Return Nightfall Chapter 7 Free Essays

There was a sort of universal gasp. Stefan went white, his compressed lips showing in a tight line. Bonnie felt as if she were choking on words, on explanations, on recriminations about Caroline’s own behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Nightfall Chapter 7 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Elena may have had as many boyfriends as the stars in the sky, but in the end she had given all that up – because she fell in love – not that Caroline would know anything aboutthat . â€Å"Don’t have anything to say now?† Caroline was taunting. â€Å"Can’t find any cute answer? Bat got your tongue?† She began to laugh, but it was forced, glassy laughter, and then words were spilling out of her almost as if uncontrollably, all words that weren’t supposed to be spoken in public. Bonnie had said most of them at one time or another, buthere , andnow , they formed a stream of venomous power. Caroline’s words were building up to some kind of crescendo – something was going to happen – this kind of force couldn’t be contained – Reverberations, Bonnie thought as the sound waves began building up†¦. Glass,her intuition told her.Get away from glass. Stefan just had time to whirl to Meredith and shout,†Get rid of the lamp.† And Meredith, who was not only quick on the uptake but also a baseball pitcher with a 1.75 ERA, snatched it up and threw it at – no, through – – an explosion as the porcelain lamp shattered – – the open window. There was a similar shattering in the bathroom. The mirror had exploded behind the closed door. Then Caroline slapped Elena across the face. It left a bloody smear, which Elena patted tentatively. It also left a white handprint, turning to red. Elena’s expression was one to wring tears from a stone. And then Stefan did what Bonnie considered the most astonishing thing of all. He very gently put Elena down on the floor, kissed her upturned face, and turned to Caroline. He put his hands on her shoulders, not shaking, only holding her still, forcing her to look at him. â€Å"Caroline,† he said, â€Å"stop it.Come back. For the sake of your old friends who care for you, come back. For the sake of the family that loves you, come back. For the sake of your own immortal soul,come back. Come back to us!† Caroline just eyed him belligerently. Stefan half turned aside, toward Meredith, grimacing. â€Å"I’m not really cut out to do this,† he said wryly. â€Å"It’s not any vampire’s forte.† Then he turned toward Elena, his voice tender. â€Å"Love, can you help? Can you help your old friend again?† Already Elena was trying to help, trying to get to Stefan. She had pulled herself up very shakily, first by the rocking chair and then by Bonnie, who tried to help her under the burden of gravity. Elena was as wobbly as a newborn giraffe in roller skates, and Bonnie – almost half a head shorter – was finding her hard to handle. Stefan made a motion as if to help, but Matt was already there, steadying Elena on the other side. Then Stefan had Caroline turned around, and he was holding her, not letting her dart away, forcing her to face Elena fully. Elena, while being held at the waist so that her hands were free, made some curious motions, seeming to draw designs more and more quickly in the air in front of Caroline’s face, at the same time clasping and unclasping her hands with the fingers in different positions. She seemed to know exactly what she was doing. Caroline’s eyes followed the movements of Elena’s hands as if compelled, but it was clear from her snarling that she hated it. Magic, Bonnie thought, fascinated. White Magic. She’s calling on angels, just as surely as Caroline was calling demons. But is she strong enough to pull Caroline out of the darkness? And at last, as if to complete the ceremony, Elena leaned forward and kissed Caroline chastely on the lips. All hell broke loose. Caroline somehow squirmed out of Stefan’s grip and tried to claw Elena’s face with her nails. Objects in the room went sailing through the air, propelled by no human force. Matt tried to grab Caroline’s arm and got a punch in the stomach that doubled him over, followed by a chop to the back of the neck. Stefan let go of Caroline to scoop up Elena and get her and Bonnie out of harm’s way. He seemed to assume that Meredith could take care of herself – and he was right. Caroline swung at Meredith, but Meredith was ready. She grabbed Caroline’s fist and helped her in the direction of the swing. Caroline landed on the bed, twisted, and then rushed Meredith again, this time getting a grip on her hair. Meredith pulled free, leaving a tuft of hair in Caroline’s fingers. Then Meredith got under Caroline’s guard and hit her squarely on the jaw. Caroline collapsed. Bonnie cheered and refused to feel guilty about it. Then, for the first time, as Caroline lay still, Bonnie noticed that Caroline’s fingernails were all there again – long, strong, curved, and perfect, not one of them chipped or broken. Elena’s Power? It must be. What else could have done it? With just a few motions and a kiss, Elena had healed Caroline’s hand. Meredith was massaging her own hand. â€Å"I never realized ithurt so much to knock people out,† she said. â€Å"They never show it in movies. Is it the same for guys?† Matt flushed. â€Å"I†¦uh, I’ve never actually†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It’s the same for everyone, even vampires,† Stefan said briefly. â€Å"Are you all right, Meredith? I mean, Elena could†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"No, I’m fine. And Bonnie and I have a job to do.† She nodded at Bonnie, who nodded weakly back. â€Å"Caroline’s our responsibility, and we should have realized why shereally had to come back this last time. She doesn’t have a car. I’ll bet she used that downstairs telephone and tried to get somebody to pick her up, but couldn’t, and then she came upstairs again. So now we have to take her home. Stefan, I’m sorry. It hasn’t been much of a visit.† Stefan looked grim. â€Å"It’s probably as much as Elena could take, anyway,† he said. â€Å"More than I thought she could take, honestly.† Matt said, â€Å"Well, I’m the one with the car, and Caroline is my responsibility, too,† he said. â€Å"I may not be a girl, but I’m a human.† â€Å"Maybe we could come back tomorrow?† Bonnie said. â€Å"Yes, I suppose that would be best,† Stefan said. â€Å"I almost hate to let her go at all,† he added, staring at the unconscious Caroline, his face shadowed. â€Å"I’m afraid for her. Very much afraid.† Bonnie pounced on this. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"I think – well, it may be too early to say, but she seems to be almost possessed by something – but I have no idea what. I think I have to do some serious research.† And there it was again, the ice water dripping down Bonnie’s back. The feeling of how close the frigid ocean of fear was, ready to topple down on her and take her on a swift trip to the bottom. Stefan added, â€Å"But what’s certain is that she was behaving strangely – even for Caroline. And I don’t know whatyou heard when she was cursing, but I heard another voice behind it, prompting her.† He turned to Bonnie. â€Å"Did you?† Bonnie was thinking back. Had there been something – just a whisper – and just a beat before Caroline’s voice came? Less than a beat, and just the faintest of sibilant whispers? â€Å"And what happened here may have made it worse. She called on Hell at a moment when this room was saturated with Power. And Fell’s Church itself is at the crossing of so many ley lines, it isn’t funny. With all that going on – well, I just wish we had a good parapsychologist around.† Bonnie knew they were all thinking of Alaric. â€Å"I’ll try to get him to come,† Meredith said. â€Å"But usually he’s off in Tibet or Timbuktu doing research these days. It’ll take a while even to get a message to him.† â€Å"Thank you.† Stefan looked relieved. â€Å"Like I said, she’s our responsibility,† Meredith said quietly. â€Å"We’re sorry to have brought her,† Bonnie said loudly, rather hoping that something inside Caroline could hear her. They said their good-byes separately to Elena, not sure of what might happen. But she simply smiled at each of them and touched their hands. By good luck or by the grace of something far beyond their understanding, Caroline woke up. She even seemed mostly rational, if a little fuzzy, when the car reached her driveway. Matt helped her out of the car and walked her to the door on his arm, where Caroline’s mother answered the doorbell. She was a mousy, timid, tired-looking woman who did not seem surprised to be receiving her daughter in this state on a late summer afternoon. Matt dropped the girls off at Bonnie’s house, where they spent a night in worried speculation. Bonnie fell asleep with the sound of Caroline’s curses echoing in her head. Dear Diary, Something is going to happen tonight. I can’t talk or write, and I don’t remember how to type on a keyboard very well, but I can send thoughts to Stefan and he can write them down. We don’t have any secrets from each other. So this is my diary now. And†¦ This morning I woke up again. I woke up again! It was still summer outside, and everything was green. The daffodils in the garden are all in bloom. And I had visitors. I didn’t know exactly who they were, but three of them are strong, clear colors. I kissed them so I won’t forget them again. The fourth one was different. I could only see a shattered color, laced with black. I had to use strong words of White Power to keep that one from bringing dark things into Stefan’s room. I’m getting sleepy. I want to be with Stefan and feel him holding me. I love Stefan. I would give up anything to stay with him. He asks me, Even flying? Even flying, to be with him and keep him safe. Even anything, to keep him safe. Even my life. Now I want to go to him. Elena (And Stefan is sorry about writing in Elena’s new diary, but he has to say some things, because someday maybe she will want to read them, to remember. I’ve written down her thoughts in sentences, but they don’t come that way. They come as thought-fragments, I guess. Vampires are used to translating people’s everyday thoughts into coherent sentences, but Elena’s thoughts need more translation than most. Usually she thinks in bright pictures, with a scattered word or two. The â€Å"fourth one† that she talks about is Caroline Forbes. Elena has known Caroline almost since babyhood, I think. What bewilders me is that today Caroline attacked her in almost every way imaginable, and yet when I search Elena’s mind I can’t find any feelings of anger or even any pain. It’s almost frightening to scan a mind like that. The question I’d really like to answer is: What happened to Caroline during the short time she was kidnapped by Klaus and Tyler? And did she do what she did today of her own free will? Does some remnant of Klaus’s hatred still linger like miasma, tainting the air? Or do we have another enemy in Fell’s Church? And most importantly, what do we do about it? Stefan, who is being pulled from the compu. How to cite The Return: Nightfall Chapter 7, Essay examples

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Young People and Drug Abuse Essay Example For Students

Young People and Drug Abuse Essay I have witnessed drug and alcohol abuse in many young people. I discovered more young people using drugs and alcohol when I was in the sixth grade. I am now twenty-one years old and still see it nine years later. Back then I lived in East Chicago Indiana when I experienced almost every young adult I met either smoked marijuana or drink alcohol. They thought it was cool to put themselves in those type of bad situations. I dodged every bullet that was fired at me. My peers tried their best to pressure me but I didn’t let that convince me. I had all types of bad thoughts about those who did those things. I’m pretty sure their parents didn’t know anything about them drinking or smoking. Being positive is the key. Never let anyone push you to do negative things in your life. My parents taught me to be a leader not a follower. Today young children turn out to do and be things without going through preadolescence. About nine years ago in Jr. High school I was surrounded by many bad decision makers. So many young people that I grew up with, turned out being the ones that wanted to experience drugs and alcohol. I had so many negative thoughts to the point where they begin to dislike me. They tried their best to make me do it, but I was smart enough to know it wasn’t the right decision. I was taught that if you didn’t want a bad reputation, to just do the right thing. In the sixth grade I was shy so just imagine what pressure I went through. Once I went to the seventh and eighth graded it had got worse. It got to the point where they were smoking before coming to their first period class and had the school smelling horrible. The teachers knew that some were smoking and started reporting it to the principal. Putting yourself in bad situations is not a good idea. Once you commit to something it’s hard to get away from it. Smoking and drinking could really turn into an addiction. Those two are something you don’t want to ruin your life with. When smoking it’s hard to get a job, hard to function to stay on the right path. Smoking could also abuse you in bad ways because there are different types of marijuana and cigarettes that give different feelings to the body. Individuals who start smoking at a young age have higher age-specific rates for all types of tobacco related cancers, linked primarily to their earlier exposure to the harmful toxin from cigarette. Regular smokers smoked on average about 36 cigarettes per week. Factors strongly associated with smoking include being female, being older, risky behaviors (drinking alcohol, drug use, truancy), and having friends and family who smoke. Boys and girls were equally likely to have drunk alcohol. The proportion of pupils who had drunk alcohol increased with age from 12% of 11 year olds to 74% of 15 year olds. For younger children it is generally thought that parents and other family members play the key role in forming their initial understanding of alcohol, but as children grow older and begin to socialize more, peers start to have an increasing impact on their attitudes, choices and behavior. There has also been an increase in the attention paid to the impact of commercial advertising and social networking on drinking behavior. Alcohol consumption, amongst both adults and young people, remains a key area of concern for the government. Boys and girls were equally likely to have ever taken drugs, and the same was true for drug use in the last year or in the last month. As in previous years, smoking and drinking alcohol were strongly associated with drug taking. Both regular and occasional smokers were more likely to have taken drugs in the last year. Compared with non-drinkers, pupils who had drunk alcohol were more likely to have taken drugs in the last year. As of today many pupils do not care whether it’s healthy or beneficial to their life. From this day forward I will and do not want to experience drugs and alcohol and will tech my son not to.

Friday, March 27, 2020

The Internets Involvement In Society Essays - Cultural Globalization

The Internet's Involvement In Society The Internet is a new revolution to all of mankind. People are using computers for tasks unimaginable ten years ago. This paper will share with you ideas on computer use and the Internet in the twenty-first century. The Internet, introduced to consumers in 1996, has grown immensely over the past four years. Other technologies took up to thirty-eight years to reach fifty million people. The Internet only took four years to reach well over fifty million users. The Internet's extreme rate of growth will continue while we have no idea where it will take us. The Internet is becoming the most important tool to humans today. There are many different uses for every kind of person. For instance, online banking saves time and money over traditional banking. Small businesses have been rewriting the rules to commerce with the use of the Internet. Kendra Bonnett states: Just three years ago a study for Internet commerce estimated that thirty-seven million people in North America (age sixteen and older) had access to the Internet. Among this group, twenty-four million reported that they have used the Internet during the last three months, and only seven percent have purchased products or services over the Internet. (An IBM guide to doing e-business, 2000, p. 9) The number of people involved with the Internet is what makes it such a success. The Internet will continue to grow while people find more uses for it every day. It is able to find information on any topic imagined at your greatest convenience. As the Internet keeps growing, problems continue growing as well. With the help of the Internet, people are distributing copyrighted data for a profit. This is data that should be sold in the retail market. Examples would be musical files, games, and applications. Stefan Ventroni (2000), an attorney for Hit Box Music, believes that the rights of creative artists are being trampled on because of the Internet (p.1). Each album on compact disc can costs up to fifteen dollars purchased legally. These albums were downloaded for free more than 1,000 times via the Internet. All laws enforced in the real world still apply to the virtual world. We have to use responsibility when applying this new amazing tool to our lives. This will soon be realized as the two worlds slowly merge into one. In conclusion, the new technologies involving computers are opening doors unexplored and nobody knows where it will take us as a society. Author Nicholas Stein (2000) states, The Internet will effect our society in such dramatic ways that humans can not prepare or predict (p.182). Bibliography International Business Machines Corporation. (1998). An IBM guide for doing e-business. United States: Kendra R. Bonnett. Nicholas Stien, Fortune (2000, February). The Renaissance man of e-commerce. E-company, p. 181-188. Stefan Ventroni. (2000). Technology News. The urges for wider Internet access, 1. Retrieved March 24, 2000 from the World Wide Web: http://www.nandotimes.com/tech-nology/story/0,1643,500197426-500270666-501421377-0,00.html

Friday, March 6, 2020

Road to Hell Essays

Road to Hell Essays Road to Hell Paper Road to Hell Paper HW: Road to Hell Read the case study and answer 3 questions below. Submit a hardcopy (2 pages maximum) of your answers at class time. 1 . Identify at least 2 major mistakes Baker made in the final interview with Rennalls. Explain why they were mistakes and what he might have done instead. A: 2 major mistakes, 1) Baker knew a lot about Rennallss political views and racial issues sensitivity, but Baker made a mistake building his interview from his European perspective. Baker assumed that he gave some historical and personal suggestions that were not meant to be offensive. However, from Rennallss point of view, the suggestions were totally inappropriate. 2) Through the interview, Baker emphasized several times the importance and leading position of European staff in the company. In the effort to teach Rennalls to better cooperate with this leadership, Baker even offered a historical example, he put European culture on a pedestal of 300 years of development and left Barracania at the bottom of the human history. What he might have done instead. The main barrier to the problem solving is misunderstanding between people with different cultures. 1) Cultural diversity: being attentive to the culture values and orms of the foreign employees are very important. 2) Have the ability to integrate. 2. What actions should Baker take after receiving the resignation from Renalls? A: In my opinion, Baker is a racist, despite his unintentional behavior can be consi dered intentional. I think Baker should try to change his attitude and deal this problem carefully, anyhow he will always face this kind of issues in next Job and continue to go through the same problem. Thus Baker should make an apology to Rennalls and to persuade him to stay at the company. 3. Do you think that Remalls is a good match for Continental Ore? Explain why or why ot. What additional information do you need to answer this question? A: Rennalls is one of the brightest Barracanian prospects on the staff of Caribbean Bauxite, he is a good match for Continental Ore. However his well-educated made him sensitive to political, racial and equality issues involving relations between his culture and western influence. Rennalls should be change his behavior in sensitive to any sign of condescension on working with expatriates. This case is one of many examples of how people from different cultures and backgrounds do not take diversity into consideration. They evaluate and measure d conflicts.

Wednesday, February 19, 2020

A Synthesis of the Themes in Selected Poems about War Essay - 2

A Synthesis of the Themes in Selected Poems about War - Essay Example Richard Lovelace’s ‘To Lucasta, Going to the Wars’ is addressed to a soldier’s sweetheart at the point of his leaving for war, who he tries to convince of the importance of going to war. The soldier first admits that the war may be compared to having another ‘mistress’, as he will now be chasing the ‘foe’ with more ardor and embracing his weapons and horse with a ‘stronger faith’ than he has chased or embraced his lover but then goes on to justify this comparison. The narrator then says that the only reason he is capable of loving her so much is because he loves honor more. This love of honor is proved by his taking to war so eagerly. In the poem, the act of love and act of war are compared and war is considered a nobler activity. The poem goes so far as to assert that not only is war a greater love, it is the only reason that men are capable of loving women – they are both quests to prove their honor. This view of bringing up the question of honor in war and placing it over other lesser concerns like romantic love appears in this poem of the 17th century. England, at the time, was known for valorizing bravery and war and espousing values of strong patriotic feeling among its citizens. This trend of thought is again reflected in English poetry in a poem like Alfred Tennyson’s ‘Charge of the Light Brigade’, which was written in 1854. Nearly two hundred years after the appearance of Richard Lovelace’s poem. Tennyson’s famous poem also speaks of the ‘noble six hundred’ who were part of the Light Brigade that fought for England against Russian troops in the Crimean War. Most of the poem is a fervent exhortation to the cavalry but there is already a note of recognizing the futility of war. As Tennyson writes: ‘Not tho' the soldier knew / Someone had blunder’d’; the soldiers are themselves unaware of why they are to fight the war that they are being sent to fight and this is a crucial idea that changes the perception of war from something seen as honorable and brave to something that is later conceived as foolish, wasteful and cruelly absurd. Wilfred Owen was among the first poets to most poignantly write about the horrors of war. His poem ‘Futility’ reveals a pained voice that is bewildered by the continuance of something as dreadful as the war. ‘Was it for this the clay grew tall?’ the speaker asks, as he describes the death of a young soldier from France. Already the style has changed from being one of fervent exhortation and pride to one of tragic loss and dismay. There is no encouragement to the troops or mention of ‘honor’ or even praises for the sacrifices made during the war. The poem instead humanizes the soldiers who are compelled to lose their lives in pointless wars that they have not been responsible for starting. Owen’s other poem ‘Dulce et D ecorum est’ takes head on the older perceptions on war and debunks them. The title of his poem and the final line challenges Horace’s quote ‘Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori’, which roughly means that it is good to die for one’s country, and calls it an ‘old lie’. The language of this poem is harsh and unforgiving, describing the soldiers as ‘beggars’ and ‘hags’, who ‘all went lame, all blind’. The physical torture that the soldiers undergo at the front is described in all its horror, and there is no idealistic ‘

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

Engineering - Steel Report Lab Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Engineering - Steel - Lab Report Example According to Degarmo and Black (2003, p.56), reinforced bars with high ductility and tensile strength are often preferred because they allow the materials to be rolled, drawn or made longer without breakage. Generally the tensile strength of reinforcing steel can be measured by dividing the cross sectional area of the steel tested by the stress exerted on the material. The amount of stretching force (N) needed to break the test material can then be measured and recorded. Experimental Procedure The tensile testing experiment involved calculating mechanical properties of three specimen samples of reinforcing steel bars which were designated as N12, R12 and RW11.9. Some of the main mechanical properties that were tested include yield stress, modulus of elasticity, elongation, tensile strength, ductility and reserve length. Specimen N12 was a hot rolled deformed bar that was derived from a microalloy TEMCORE material. Generally such steel alloys are made by adding expensive alloys such a s Silicon, Carbon, Manganese and Vanadium to the steel. As compared to the other steel samples that were used in the experiment, the surface of hot rolled deformed bar was rough and more imperfect. On the other hand, specimen R12 was a hot rolled plain round bar which was made from a mild steel material. Although the presence of carbon significantly lowered the ductility of the alloy, it was stronger and had more resistance to breakage (Pavlina and Tyne, 2008, p.216). Another important physical property of specimen R12 was that it was quite malleable and the surface was more polished. Lastly, specimen RW11.9 was cold robbed riled wire which was also made from middle steel material. The surface was relatively smoother and malleable but the specimen was easier to bend than specimenR12. In terms of the geometry of the specimens, N12 had a diameter of 12mm, length of 500mm and a cross sectional area of 255mm2 . Specimen R12 was also 12mm in diameter, 500mm in length and had a cross sect ional area of 113.1m2 . RW11.9 was 11.9mm in length, 12mm in diameter and the cross sectional area was 111.3mm2. The testing equipment that was used in the experiment included an Instron universal Machine and a clip on extensometer Epsilion model 3543 10 inch gauge length. The model of Instron universal machine that was used300LX, SATEC Series, and the equipment had a large frame with a single test space which allows easy and safe loading and unloading of specimens for testing. Additionally the single print design of the Machine significantly reduced the floor space requirement and enhanced its use for testing high capacity tension, flex as well as shear of the specimens. Figure1. Instron Universal Machine model 300LX Designed by Epsilon technology, the Epsilion model 3543, 10 inch gauge length used in the experiment was uniquely designed to help in the testing of long samples such as wire materials, steel reinforcing bars and weld joints. During the testing, the upper part of the e xtensometer is expected to pull out of the main body to deliver high accuracy and the equipment is only calibrated to measure displacement and loading using tension units only. Finally, the optional gauge length spacers of the extensomet

Monday, January 27, 2020

Sequence Analysis East Of Eden Film Studies Essay

Sequence Analysis East Of Eden Film Studies Essay Elia Kazans film East of Eden attempts to explore the relationship between father and son, Adam and Cal. Cal is desperately seeking love from his father, but he just turns away from Cal and leaves him upset. Conflicts arise between the two and this tears them further apart from each other. In the sequence, Kazan applied non-diegetic elements and various visual techniques to show the tension between Adam and Cal. Apart from that, Kazan also applied different mise-en-scene arrangements like lighting and blocking to reflect the emotions of each character and to illustrate Cal feels distant from his father and bring up the problems caused by the generation gap. With the use of all these film techniques, Kazans film has also demonstrated an understanding of the classical Hollywood style at that time. Kazan has used non-diegetic music to create suspicion in the film, and particular camera angles to reflect the bond Cal and Adam. Within the clip, it can be seen that aggressive music is used when Cal is telling Aron that their mother is still alive. The director used music as a way to illustrate the conflicts between the brothers, which are significant to the film narration. Burt suggested that this is the climactic scene in the film, and the music has successfully filled the explosive potential of the story plot (1994, p.185). Non-diegetic music has been extensively used in different parts of the film, and the repetitive use of music helps illustrate the emotions of the characters to the audience. In the clip, complex harmonies and thudding chordal figure are used to bring out the explosive nature of the climax scene (Burt, 1994, p.186). With the use of background music and lightings in the clip, the director has been able to bring suspense to the audience, and it becomes a clue to what will happen next. At the same time, non-diegetic music has been used for the entire sequence of Sunrise (1927). Due to the silent nature of this film, the emotions of the characters cannot be brought out through the tones of dialogues. In that case, storytelling has to rely on the use of orchestral music. Also, the director applied a canted framing, which means a slope is formed within the frame (Bordwell and Thompson, 2010, p.490). Kazan used this technique to capture the scene when Cal left heartbroken after being rejected by his father. A similar slanted camera angle has been used at the beginning of the film when Cal is trying to confront his father about his mothers death. It can be seen that when the tension between Cal and Adam arises, the director used a canted frame to capture the scene, as a leitmotif to show the distrust between the two throughout the film. The slope could be seen a metaphor of their relationship, indicating that their relationship is unstable. Mise-en-scene arrangements are also evident in the clip. Kazan has put different components into different scenes and he arranged them in a meaningful way. In terms of blocking, it can be seen that Cal often stands further away from other characters and the camera. For instance, in the scene when Cal tries to explain how he got the money to Adam, they stand at diagonal corners, with Adam standing closer to the camera. In an interview, Kazan explained that Cinemascope was used to put Cal at the corner of the frame so that he would look tinier than other characters (Young, 2001, p.203). This technique is used throughout the film in order to show that he is powerless in front of his father. Similar settings can also be seen when Cals brother is confronting with him, a medium shot of Aron standing in front of Cal. After that, it switches to a long-shot, and we could only see the shades of the two characters. Burt suggested that the light settings have made their appearances barely recogn isable (1994, p.188). The darkness has created a feeling of fear in the film, and the staging of the scene has also shown Cals emotional changes, from frustration to anger. As mentioned, the director often put Cal at the corner as he was portraying him as a kid (Young, 2001, p.203). However, when Cal is confronting his brother, he stands on the bench under the tree, indicating a regain of power. At that point, it demonstrates a mental change in Cal, as he is trying to act maturely. The sequence has also illustrated the dominant features of the classical Hollywood film style. According to King, classical style is analysed in two aspects, film narrative and editing techniques (2002, p.4). A typical Hollywood film usually shows how the main character finds a solution to his problem (Bordwell, 1986, p.18). In terms of narrative, East of Eden presents the story in a linear timeline, with Cal struggling to maintain a healthy relationship with his father. It can be seen that the sequence leads audience to the climax of the story plot, as Cal faces an obstacle when he is attempting to resolve his own issues, thus he expresses his long hidden jealousy towards his brother, indicating a breaking change in the relationships between each character. Therefore, the sequence fulfils the struggles for problem solving part of the Hollywood film plot, as suggested by Bordwell (1986, p.18). In the clip, it can also be seen that the director applied continuity editing. This editing method involves point-of-view shot and shot/reverse-shot, which has been used since the 1910s (Bordwell, Straiger, Thompson, 1985, p.194). An example of the point-of-view shot is that after a medium shot that shows Adam asking Cal how he got his money, Cal looks at Abra, and a medium shot of her is shown. The camera is placed at Cals visual direction, and it shows that Cal is getting courage from Abra. Meanwhile, throughout the movie, shot/reverse-shot is often used during conversations between characters. This gives a clear view of each character, and it allows audience to see their facial expressions clearly, which is an important element of a melodrama. Maltby suggested that James Dean in East of Eden was a method performance that combines psychoanalysis and melodrama, which constructs realism and showing expressive emotions at the same time (1995, p.263). Compared with Sunrise, James Dean has a more natural performance. Because of the film nature, actors in Sunrise have to exa ggerate their expressions to illustrate the whole story. In conclusion, that sequence in the film East of Eden has brought the story plot to the climax point, with the use of various visual techniques and scene arrangements. Non-diegetic music and canted frame can be found in the sequence, which are used to build up the tension between Cal and other characters. In addition, Kazan has used staging and lighting subtly to reflect the feelings of each character. Classical Hollywood styles like continuity editing and exaggerated acting can also be seen in the sequence, which are the main features of the Hollywood films at that time. The techniques that are used in the sequence can also be found in other parts of the movie, and this shows that they are essential in constructing the whole structure of the film.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Pre-Transfusion Blood Tests

Pre-transfusion Blood Tests: Title: To perform the following tests: ABO and RH grouping using the Diamed Gel Card system. Rh and Kell phenotyping (antigen typing) using the Diamed Gel Card system. Direct Coombs Test (DCT) using the conventional tube system. Direct Coombs Test (DCT) using the Diamed Gel Card system. Antibody Identifications (IAT) technique using the conventional tube system. Antibody Identifications (ETC) technique using the Diamed Gel Card system. Name: S. Ward Date: 8/11/2012 Introduction: The objective of this practical is to perform some pretransfusion tests, using various methods.Pretransfusion testing is carried out in all hospital blood bank laboratories and is used to minimise the risk of encurring a haemolytic transfusion reaction. Haemolytic transfusion reactions occur when a patient is transfused with red cells which have a foriegn antigen on the cell surface that the patient has an antibody to. While the ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most antigeni c and thus can cause severe haemolytic transfusion reactions. The other blood group systems can also cause a (less severe) haemolytic reaction, these reactions can be fatal and so the procedures to avoid them are of great importance.Materials & Method: Not all tests were performed by all members of the class. ABO and Rh blood grouping using the Diamed Gel Card system; performed. Rh and Kell trying using the Diamed Gel Card system; not performed. Direct Coombs Test (DCT) using the Diamed Gel Card system;not performed. Antibody Identification (ETC) technique using the Diamed Gel Card system; performed but not centrifuged so no results were obtained. Antibody Identifications (IAT) technique using the conventional tube system; performed Direct Coombs Test (DCT) using the conventional tube system; erformed. Cell 1% suspensions were prepared for the bench from a 3% cell suspension provided. Results: As well as some tests not being completed by everyone, some results were not obtained as t here was a queue for the ID centrifuge. Results below are ones obtained by myself; ABO & Rh grouping; Known O+ cells were tested. Expected results would be; However, the gel matrix had dried out so no results were obtained. Antibody Identifications (IAT) technique using the conventional tube system; + + + – – + – – + +When these results are compared with the ID panned profile, its is seen that there is no antigen which matches the antibody in the patient's plasma. Traditional Direct Coombs test results was positive. Discussion: The results from this practical were not as expected. With regard to the ABO Rh typing, the expected result for the O+ blood tested is as shown above. The reason why the results obtained were incorrect were because the gel had dried out. This shows that it is very important to ensure that the reagents used in the transfusion laboratory are of a really high quality to ensure that all results obtained are reliable.With regard to the traditional antibody profile, it is seen that there is no antigen which matches the antibody in the patient's plasma according to the ID panel. It is possible that the patient has an uncommon antigen which isn't on the ID panel. However, it's more likely that there was human error in labelling the reaction tubes 1-10. The direct coombs test checks to see in vivo sensitisation to IgG antibodies. The traditional coombs test results for this practical showed aggultenation when treated with antihuman globulin, which is a positive result.Results for the other laboratory tests using Diamed Gel Card system were unobtained due to there being a queue for the centrifuge. A brief explanation of all these tests is explained below; ABO & Rh D grouping; this can be done by conventional tube technique, as performed previously, or can be done using the Diamed Gel Card system. These gel cards contain known antobodies on a gel matrix. A positive result shows the red cells kept at the top of the gel m atrix, a negative result sees the red cells going down through the matrix to the bottom of the card.This has replaced the traditional method as it allows for automation. Rh & Kell phenotyping; this is done using the Diamed Gel Card sytem and is similiar to the ABO and Rh typing method. This shows which, if any of the main Rh or Kell antigens are on the patients red cells. The results are read in the same manner as the ABO and Rh D as described above. Direct Coombs Test using the conventional tube system; The direct antiglobulin test is used to detect in-vivo sensitisation and detects small IgG antibodies on a patient's red cells.The conventional tube method involves washing the cells three times for one minute, resuspending each time, then finally adding two drops of antihuman globulin and centrifuge once more for 20 seconds and results were recorded. This process is laborious and so can be replaced with the next method. Direct Coombs Test using the Diamed Gel Card system; The gel c ard system involves the addition of 1% cell suspension of test cells to the Anti IgG card, this is centrifuged for 10 minutes and results are recorded. This method also shows in-vivo sensitisation and detects small IgG antibodies on the patient's red cells.Antibody Identifications (IAT) technique using the conventional tube system; Antibody identification is used as a follow-up test to a positive indirect antiglobulin test. The antibody identifcation test is used to determine the red cell antibodies in the patient's plasma. If one or more clinically significant red cell antibodies are identified, then donor blood that lacks the corresponding red cell antigens must be used for tranfusion, this is reffered to as antigen negative blood. The conventional tube system involves reacting the patients plasma with the 10 commercial identification cells.This is incubated for 30 minutes at 37Â °c, each of the reaction tubes are washed 3 times for one minute, resuspended after each time and the n two drops of antihuman globulin are added and the tubes are centrifuged for an additional 20 seconds and results are recorded. This process is laborious, and so can be replaced by the gel card system which can be automated. Antibody Identifications technique using the Diamed Gel Card system; The method is the similiar to the other gel card systems and the principle it the same as the other antibody identification.As mentioned bofore, this process allows for automation and so is favoured in large labs. Questions: Principle of the Direct and Indirect Coombs test: The principle of the Coombs' test is that addition of rabbit anti-human IgG to the patient's blood will result in aggregation of the patient's red cells if the red cells are coated in small IgG antibodies that will not agglutenate normally at room temperature. So, the direct antiglobulin test is used to detect in-vivo sensitisation to IgG antibodies. Applications:The direct coombs test is udes to test for autoimmune haemoly tic anaemia. The indirect coombs test can be used to detect very small amounts of antibodies present in a patients plasma and if used in antenatal care to screen pregnant women for antibodies that may cause haemolytic disease of the newborn. It can also be used for compatability testing, antibody identification, RBC phenotyping and titration studies. Controls: The positive control is sensitised O+ cells and the negative control is O- cells.

Friday, January 10, 2020

New York MTA

Traditional market structure suggests that all market decisions should be based on utilitarian theory. We often witness market decisions which neglect other important aspects of the market activity. As a result, we appear under the impact of one-side unbalanced decisions which ultimately neglect the principles of morality and moral theology of the marketplace.Rising fares and tolls by MTA  Ã¢â‚¬Å"After an unusually vigorous and spirited debate, the board of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority voted to raise fares on subways, buses and commuter railroads and tolls on bridges and tunnels† (Chan, 2007a). Why is it so surprising that not all members of the MTA board wanted to turn into the proponents of fares and tolls’ increase? Does this mean that more and more political and business players realize the importance of morality in taking market decisions?Evidently, the situation is much worse than one may imagine. One may initially think that increasing the fares wil l lead to less traffic congestion, and will urge more people to use public transport; yet, the public transport fares are being raised, too. From the viewpoint of those who vote for raising fares and tolls in New York, this decision is the first step towards â€Å"fiscal responsibility. The authority had for long applied windfalls and real estate taxes hoping that someone would bail us out and turning a blind eye to our responsibility to put this MTA on a firm future monetary structure† (Chan, 2007a).Simultaneously, from the viewpoint of morality and theology of the marketplace, commercial activity is not limited by rational market decisions, but also â€Å"confronts us with the moral predicaments† (Gregg, 2004). The major concern within this situation is that the decision to raise fares has completely neglected the position of those whom we traditionally consider to be vulnerable populations. The representative of Working Families Party is confident that raising fares will seriously hit working people (Benjamin, 2007). â€Å"Today, once again middle class New Yorkers and those struggling to make it, are bearing the cost†, Rep. Anthony Weiner said (Benjamin, 2007).â€Å"A fare hike now is the wrong choice for New York. It would hit many people who are struggling hard to make ends meet and hurt the region's economy. [†¦] This fare hike will hit 86 percent of the riding public who use fare discounts. These include pay-per-ride bonus MetroCards and 7- and 30-day unlimited-ride passes. It's also a double whammy for most L.I.R.R. and Metro-North commuters whose railroad fares would go up!† (Chan, 2007b)The discussed fare hike will also cause the bonuses' decrease for riders (from 20 to 15 percent), and the discounted fare will cost $1.74 instead of $1.67 (Chan, 2007b). The problem is that New Yorkers pay more than they have to for the transport they use. â€Å"In 2005, riders paid 55 percent of the costs of running the subways and buses† (Chan, 2007b). Objectively, this is much higher that the riders in other cities pay: those in Boston do not compensate more than 29 percent of the discussed costs, and those in Philadelphia pay no more than 37 percent (Chan, 2007b).As the M.T.A reports $140 million reductions, does this mean that they will make the riders pay this amount through higher fares and tolls? Doubtlessly, the suggested fares and tolls increase will help compensate the under-financing of the MTA by the state Government, but if the decision framework remains unchanged, this compensation will actually take place for the account of the already mentioned vulnerable populations. â€Å"To rely upon utilitarianism as the moral – philosophical foundation of the case for the market creates tremendous difficulties for Catholics† (Gregg, 2004).The utilitarian desire to find the greatest good and to satisfy the masses does not meet the ethical and moral criteria of religion. Those who were ta king the decision to raise the fares and tolls in New York have neglected one essential aspect in their decision making: when one looks for the means to produce the greatest pleasure for the greatest number of people, one has to perform numerous calculations and to produce the decision which satisfies everyone. From the viewpoint of moral theology, such calculations in market decision-making are simply impossible. â€Å"No person can make such an assessment without admitting a tremendous degree of ignorance about all the possible effects that might proceed from a freely chosen act† (Gregg, 2004).The MTA governors have evidently gone beyond their reasonable abilities, trying to persuade us that that the future with raised fares and tolls for everyone was better than other possible alternatives. The MTA board members view the increased tolls and fares as the means to close the gaps in MTA’s budget and to provide safe and reliable system of transportation for the New York ’s citizens. However, it is not the ultimate goal for those who use public transport and belong to vulnerable layers of the city population.ConclusionThe moral theology of marketplace rejects any uniform measures in defining the goals of decision making. This is why the governors should have considered the financial opportunities of those who cannot afford paying more for using public transport. The diversified structure of prices would resolve all moral and ethical issues, and would not create serious obstacles on the way towards better functioning of the city’s transportation systems.ReferencesBenjamin, E. (2007). MTA fare hike reactions (updated). Daily News. Retrieved February 17,2008 from http://www.nydailynews.com/blogs/dailypolitics/2007/12/mta-fare-hike-reactions.htmlChan, S. (2007a). Board approves subway and bus fare increase. The New York Times.Retrieved February 17, 2008 from http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/19/mta-board-approves-fare-and-toll-incr eases/index.html?hpChan, S. (2007b). Hundreds stranded online by botched M.T.A. â€Å"Webinar†. The New YorkTimes. Retrieved February 17, 2008 from http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/12/10/mixed-reaction-to-new-mta-fare-plan/?hpGregg, S. (2004). Ethics and the market economy: Insights from Catholic moral theology.IEA Economic Affairs, June, pp. 4-10.

Thursday, January 2, 2020

The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne - 827 Words

Why are human beings tempted to conceal their transgressions? Is it for the fear of punishment or the loss of one’s standing with the public? In the insightful novel The Scarlet Letter, a seventeenth-century Boston minister named Arthur Dimmesdale committed, in the eyes of the townsfolk, the most evil of sins: adultery. Unlike his partner in this offense, Hester Prynne, he did not accept responsibility for his crime; instead he veiled his infraction of the Puritan law from the populace of Boston. As a consequence of his attempt to hide the truth, Minister Dimmesdale felt the guilt course through him, and that inner feeling of remorse caused his health to decline, his speeches to feel hypocritical, and his belief in the Lord’s mercy to†¦show more content†¦However, she bore the punishment with open arms, hoping clean her soul of its impurity. On the other hand, Arthur Dimmesdale concealed his immense wrongdoing from the people, and as a result, continued to rece ive passionate admiration for his perceived holiness and inspiring speeches about the works of God (119). Whereas Hester’s punishment was given through the burning stares at her scarlet letter, Dimmesdale’s scarlet letter was in his heart. This guilt took hold of his life in a way that he could never escape until his death, and his health failed accordingly. In his futile attempts to absolve himself of sin, Minister Dimmesdale punished himself with late prayers, and he fasted until he could barely stand (141). In order to hide his offense, Mr. Dimmesdale suffered a fate worse than death: having to deal with this enormous guilt during every moment. Although both suffered greatly in the recent aftermath of his/her crime, Hester’s situation improved tremendously afterwards. The citizens of Boston, impressed by her humble nature and good deeds, began to stop staring at her scarlet letter and making the harsh comments about her. In fact, members of the town would tel l outsiders proudly about her kindness and helpfulness (157). Also, she was ordained a Sister of Mercy: a position that would not have had been considered in the first few years of her suffering. By sympathizing and helping otherShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. 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The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. 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